The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been the main federal agency responsible for tobacco product regulation and enforcement against illegal products. However, a recent US administration change and subsequent reorganisation of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) have impacted the FDA and its Center for Tobacco Products (CTP).
The recent HHS layoffs may have slowed down the FDA’s ability to enforce regulations, such as sending warning letters to violators; however, state authorities have stepped up their enforcement efforts this year.
This report analyses the enforcement measures at federal, state and local level taken in the US in 2025 against illegal e-cigarettes.